Pelayanan, Keberpihakan, dan kepercayaan dalam Tata Kelola Vihara: Tinjauan Kritis Berdasarkan Nilai-Nilai Dhamma
Keywords:
tata kelola vihara; pelayanan umat; keberpihakan; keadilan; kepercayaan; Dhamma; Buddhisme.Abstract
Tata kelola vihara tidak hanya berkaitan dengan aspek administratif dan organisatoris, tetapi juga memiliki dimensi moral yang berakar pada nilai-nilai Dhamma. Dalam konteks kehidupan umat Buddha, kualitas pelayanan, keberpihakan terhadap kebutuhan umat, dan kepercayaan menjadi aspek penting dalam membangun tata kelola vihara yang berorientasi pada kemanfaatan bersama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara kritis keterkaitan antara pelayanan, keberpihakan dan keadilan, serta kepercayaan umat dalam tata kelola vihara berdasarkan nilai-nilai Dhamma. Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengidentifikasi, menyeleksi, menganalisis, dan mensintesis berbagai literatur ilmiah yang relevan. Literatur diperoleh dari sejumlah basis data akademik dengan fokus pada publikasi tahun 2020–2026 yang membahas tata kelola organisasi keagamaan, administrasi vihara, pelayanan umat, kepemimpinan Buddhis, keadilan, transparansi, akuntabilitas, kepercayaan, dan nilai-nilai Dhamma. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pelayanan umat merupakan bentuk konkret penerapan mettā dan karuṇā melalui sikap responsif, kepedulian, komunikasi yang baik, dan pemenuhan kebutuhan umat. Keberpihakan dalam tata kelola vihara perlu dimaknai sebagai keberpihakan pada keadilan, kebutuhan, dan kemaslahatan umat, bukan sebagai perlakuan istimewa berdasarkan kedekatan, status, atau kepentingan kelompok tertentu. Sementara itu, kepercayaan umat terbentuk melalui transparansi, akuntabilitas, integritas, partisipasi, konsistensi pelayanan, dan keteladanan pengelola vihara. Dengan demikian, nilai-nilai Dhamma tidak cukup ditempatkan sebagai landasan normatif, tetapi perlu diterjemahkan ke dalam mekanisme tata kelola, praktik pelayanan, pengambilan keputusan, dan hubungan sosial dalam kehidupan vihara. Kajian ini menegaskan bahwa integrasi nilai Dhamma dengan prinsip tata kelola yang baik dapat memperkuat kualitas pelayanan sekaligus membangun keadilan dan kepercayaan umat secara berkelanjutan
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rina Mariana, Santoso Jafar, Lim Tung Kong, Aditya Ananta Nugroh, Ferdy Anthonius, Majaputera Karniawan (Author)
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